Häufige Fehler vermeiden (Avoiding Common Errors)
Bandwurmsätze (Run-On Sentences)
Was sie sind
Zwei Hauptsätze ohne richtige Zeichensetzung verbunden:
❌ I was tired I went to bed. (fused sentence)
Wie man sie korrigiert
Option 1: Punkt
- ✓ I was tired**.** I went to bed.
Option 2: Semikolon
- ✓ I was tired**;** I went to bed.
Option 3: Konjunktion
- ✓ I was tired**,** so I went to bed.
Option 4: Nebensatz
- ✓ Because I was tired, I went to bed.
Für Deutsche: Im Deutschen sind lange Sätze mit vielen Nebensätzen normal. Im Englischen sollten Sätze kürzer und klarer sein!
Comma Splices
Was sie sind
Zwei Hauptsätze nur mit einem Komma verbunden:
❌ I was tired, I went to bed.
Wie man sie korrigiert
Option 1: Punkt
- ✓ I was tired**.** I went to bed.
Option 2: Semikolon
- ✓ I was tired**;** I went to bed.
Option 3: Konjunktion hinzufügen
- ✓ I was tired**,** and I went to bed.
Option 4: Subordinator hinzufügen
- ✓ Because I was tired, I went to bed.
Typischer Fehler: Im Deutschen kann man Sätze oft mit nur einem Komma verbinden. Im Englischen ist das ein Fehler (Comma Splice)!
Satzfragmente (Sentence Fragments)
Was sie sind
Unvollständige Sätze ohne Subjekt, Verb oder vollständigen Gedanken:
❌ Because I was tired. (unvollständiger Gedanke) ❌ Running through the park. (kein Subjekt) ❌ The man in the blue coat. (kein Verb)
Wie man sie korrigiert
Fehlende Elemente hinzufügen:
- ✓ I went to bed because I was tired.
- ✓ She was running through the park.
- ✓ The man in the blue coat waited patiently.
An einen anderen Satz anhängen:
- ✓ Because I was tired, I went to bed early.
Häufige Fragmenttypen
Nebensatz-Fragmente
- ❌ Although she tried hard.
- ✓ Although she tried hard, she didn’t succeed.
Partizipialphrasen-Fragmente
- ❌ Walking down the street.
- ✓ Walking down the street, I saw an old friend.
Listen-Fragmente
- ❌ Such as apples, oranges, and bananas.
- ✓ I love fruit, such as apples, oranges, and bananas.
Kurzübersicht
| Fehler | Beispiel | Korrektur |
|---|---|---|
| Fused sentence | He ran he fell. | He ran. He fell. |
| Comma splice | He ran, he fell. | He ran, and he fell. |
| Fragment | Because he ran. | Because he ran, he got tired. |
Übung: Erkennen und Korrigieren
Beispiel 1
❌ The weather was bad we stayed home.
- Fehler: Run-on (fused sentence)
- ✓ The weather was bad, so we stayed home.
Beispiel 2
❌ She was happy, she got the job.
- Fehler: Comma splice
- ✓ She was happy because she got the job.
Beispiel 3
❌ After finishing the project.
- Fehler: Fragment
- ✓ After finishing the project, we celebrated.