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Irregular Verbs

18 min

Lernziele

  • Know the most common irregular verbs
  • Use correct past tense and past participle forms
  • Identify patterns in irregular verbs

Irregular Verbs

What Are Irregular Verbs?

Regular verbs add -ed for past tense:

  • walk → walked → walked

Irregular verbs change in unpredictable ways:

  • go → went → gone
  • eat → ate → eaten

Most Common Irregular Verbs

Group 1: All Three Forms Different

BasePastPast Participle
bewas/werebeen
beginbeganbegun
breakbrokebroken
choosechosechosen
dodiddone
drinkdrankdrunk
drivedrovedriven
eatateeaten
fallfellfallen
flyflewflown
forgetforgotforgotten
givegavegiven
gowentgone
knowknewknown
rideroderidden
ringrangrung
riseroserisen
seesawseen
singsangsung
speakspokespoken
stealstolestolen
swimswamswum
taketooktaken
throwthrewthrown
wakewokewoken
writewrotewritten

Group 2: Past and Past Participle Same

BasePastPast Participle
bringbroughtbrought
buildbuiltbuilt
buyboughtbought
catchcaughtcaught
feelfeltfelt
fightfoughtfought
findfoundfound
getgotgot/gotten
havehadhad
hearheardheard
holdheldheld
keepkeptkept
leaveleftleft
loselostlost
makemademade
meetmetmet
paypaidpaid
saysaidsaid
sellsoldsold
sendsentsent
sitsatsat
sleepsleptslept
spendspentspent
standstoodstood
teachtaughttaught
telltoldtold
thinkthoughtthought
understandunderstoodunderstood
winwonwon

Group 3: All Three Forms Same

BasePastPast Participle
betbetbet
costcostcost
cutcutcut
hithithit
hurthurthurt
letletlet
putputput
quitquitquit
readread*read*
setsetset
shutshutshut
splitsplitsplit
spreadspreadspread

*Note: “read” changes pronunciation (present: /riːd/, past: /red/)

Common Mistakes

WrongRight
I goed to the store.I went to the store.
She has drank the water.She has drunk the water.
He runned fast.He ran fast.
They have ate dinner.They have eaten dinner.
I bringed a gift.I brought a gift.
She catched the ball.She caught the ball.

Irregular verbs must be memorized because they do not follow the standard -ed pattern. Group them by pattern to make learning easier: ring/rang/rung, sing/sang/sung, drink/drank/drunk all follow the same vowel shift.

Quiz

Test Your Knowledge of Irregular Verbs

1. What is the past tense of 'begin'?
2. 'I have ___ that book.' (read)
3. 'She ___ the ball.' (catch, past)
4. 'They have ___ to Paris.' (fly)
5. 'He ___ his keys yesterday.' (lose)